{"id":379,"date":"2026-07-30T10:53:50","date_gmt":"2026-07-30T08:53:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legrandreporter.net\/?p=379"},"modified":"2026-07-30T10:53:52","modified_gmt":"2026-07-30T08:53:52","slug":"mbanie-frontiere-terrestre-et-espace-maritime-que-dit-larret-de-la-cij-concernant-le-gabon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legrandreporter.net\/index.php\/2026\/07\/30\/mbanie-frontiere-terrestre-et-espace-maritime-que-dit-larret-de-la-cij-concernant-le-gabon\/","title":{"rendered":"Mbani\u00e9, fronti\u00e8re terrestre et espace maritime : que dit\u00a0 l\u2019arr\u00eat de la CIJ concernant le Gabon"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Le diff\u00e9rend territorial entre le Gabon et la Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale ne se r\u00e9sume pas \u00e0 la question des \u00eeles de Mbani\u00e9, Cocotiers et Conga. Depuis l\u2019arr\u00eat rendu le 19 mai 2025 par la Cour internationale de Justice, trois dimensions doivent \u00eatre distingu\u00e9es : la fronti\u00e8re terrestre, la souverainet\u00e9 sur les \u00eeles et la d\u00e9limitation maritime.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La signature, le 28 juillet 2026 \u00e0 Addis-Abeba, d\u2019un accord d\u2019engagement conjoint entre Libreville et Malabo vient d\u00e9sormais organiser la mise en \u0153uvre de cette d\u00e9cision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les \u00eeles : une souverainet\u00e9 reconnue \u00e0 la Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sur le dossier insulaire, la CIJ a reconnu le titre espagnol sur Mbani\u00e9, Cocotiers et Conga et en a d\u00e9duit que la souverainet\u00e9 revenait \u00e0 la Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette d\u00e9cision constitue l\u2019un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments clairement tranch\u00e9s par la Cour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mais elle ne cl\u00f4t pas pour autant l&#8217;ensemble du contentieux territorial entre les deux pays. La fronti\u00e8re terrestre : la Convention de 1900 au c\u0153ur du dossier<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sur la fronti\u00e8re terrestre, la CIJ a retenu comme seul titre juridique la Convention franco-espagnole du 27 juin 1900.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le document que le Gabon pr\u00e9sentait comme la convention de Bata de 1974 n\u2019a, pour sa part, pas \u00e9t\u00e9 reconnu comme titre faisant droit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019application de la Convention de 1900 doit toutefois encore \u00eatre traduite concr\u00e8tement sur le terrain. Selon les \u00e9l\u00e9ments du dossier, cette application implique des ajustements dans les deux sens, dont certains sont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s comme favorables au Gabon dans des zones situ\u00e9es au nord du pays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u2019est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment l\u2019un des sujets qui devra \u00eatre trait\u00e9 par le m\u00e9canisme conjoint mis en place \u00e0 Addis-Abeba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La fronti\u00e8re maritime reste enti\u00e8rement \u00e0 n\u00e9gocier<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u2019est probablement l\u2019un des points les plus importants du dossier. Contrairement \u00e0 une lecture qui pourrait laisser penser que la d\u00e9cision de la CIJ aurait d\u00e9finitivement partag\u00e9 l\u2019ensemble des espaces concern\u00e9s, la Cour a constat\u00e9 qu\u2019aucun titre ne faisait droit concernant la fronti\u00e8re maritime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette question demeure donc ouverte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Elle devra \u00eatre r\u00e9gl\u00e9e par la n\u00e9gociation entre Libreville et Malabo, notamment \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re de la Convention des Nations unies sur le droit de la mer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette dimension rev\u00eat une importance particuli\u00e8re en raison des enjeux \u00e9conomiques li\u00e9s aux hydrocarbures dans la baie de Corisco. \u00c0 ce stade, le dossier maritime n\u2019est donc ni d\u00e9finitivement attribu\u00e9 au Gabon ni d\u00e9finitivement attribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Addis-Abeba, une nouvelle m\u00e9thode<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019accord sign\u00e9 le 28 juillet 2026 ne modifie pas l\u2019arr\u00eat de la CIJ et ne conf\u00e8re aucun nouveau droit aux deux \u00c9tats. Il cr\u00e9e une m\u00e9thode pour permettre son application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le m\u00e9canisme conjoint sera facilit\u00e9 par la Commission de l\u2019Union africaine et devra pr\u00e9senter ses conclusions dans un d\u00e9lai de six mois.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour Libreville, l\u2019objectif est d\u00e9sormais de d\u00e9fendre ses int\u00e9r\u00eats dans le respect du droit international, sans transformer le processus en affrontement politique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette approche permet ainsi de distinguer ce qui a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 tranch\u00e9 par la justice internationale de ce qui reste encore \u00e0 n\u00e9gocier entre les deux pays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le diff\u00e9rend territorial entre le Gabon et la Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale ne se r\u00e9sume pas \u00e0 la question des \u00eeles de Mbani\u00e9, Cocotiers et Conga. Depuis l\u2019arr\u00eat rendu le 19 mai 2025 par la Cour internationale de Justice, trois dimensions doivent \u00eatre distingu\u00e9es : la fronti\u00e8re terrestre, la souverainet\u00e9 sur les \u00eeles et la d\u00e9limitation maritime. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":380,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mbani\u00e9, fronti\u00e8re terrestre et espace maritime : que dit\u00a0 l\u2019arr\u00eat de la CIJ concernant le Gabon - le grand reporter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legrandreporter.net\/index.php\/2026\/07\/30\/mbanie-frontiere-terrestre-et-espace-maritime-que-dit-larret-de-la-cij-concernant-le-gabon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mbani\u00e9, fronti\u00e8re terrestre et espace maritime : que dit\u00a0 l\u2019arr\u00eat de la CIJ concernant le Gabon - le grand reporter\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le diff\u00e9rend territorial entre le Gabon et la Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale ne se r\u00e9sume pas \u00e0 la question des \u00eeles de Mbani\u00e9, Cocotiers et Conga. Depuis l\u2019arr\u00eat rendu le 19 mai 2025 par la Cour internationale de Justice, trois dimensions doivent \u00eatre distingu\u00e9es : la fronti\u00e8re terrestre, la souverainet\u00e9 sur les \u00eeles et la d\u00e9limitation maritime. 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